Compared to previous studies of competition with participants’ direct involvement. the current study for the first time investigated the influence of competitive outcomes on attentional bias from a perspective of an onlooker. Two simple games were employed: the Rock-Paper-Scissors game (Experiment 1) in which the outcome is based on luck. and Arm-wrestling (Experiment 2). https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/pro-green-org/